دانشگاه بیرجند مطالعات مدیریت توسعه سبز 2981-2402 4 4 2025 12 22 The Impact of Sustainable Supply Chain Management on Financial and Operational Performance: The Mediating Role of Digital Supply Chain Integration (Case Study: Hezardastan Holding) اثر زنجیره تأمین پایدار بر عملکرد مالی و عملیاتی زنجیره تأمین با نقش میانجی یکپارچه‌سازی زنجیره تأمین دیجیتال (مورد مطالعه: هلدینگ هزاردستان) 273 294 3768 10.22077/jgdms.2025.8422.1217 FA مهسا پیشدار استادیار دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشکدگان فارابی، دانشگاه تهران، قم، ایران علی کیانی دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشکدگان فارابی، دانشگاه تهران، قم، ایران عادل پورقادر چوبر استادیار، گروه مهندسی صنایع، واحد قزوین، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قزوین، ایران Journal Article 2024 11 15 <strong>Introduction</strong> Organizations are increasingly compelled to adopt sustainable supply chain management practices to create, maintain, and strengthen their competitive positions. In this context, digital supply chain integration plays a critical mediating role by enabling greater coordination, transparency, and flexibility across supply chain activities. Through digitalization, firms in developing countries can overcome traditional barriers such as inefficient logistics infrastructure, limited access to real-time data, and ineffective supply chain operations. This approach enhances collaboration among supply chain actors and improves overall business performance by simplifying processes, reducing costs, and creating new opportunities for innovation. Moreover, digital integration facilitates sustainability initiatives such as resource recovery and product life-cycle extension. Accordingly, this study seeks to examine whether sustainable supply chain practices, mediated by digital supply chain integration, influence the performance of organizations such as Hezardastan Holding. Based on a comprehensive review of the literature, five hypotheses are proposed: (1) sustainable supply chains positively affect financial performance; (2) sustainable supply chains positively affect operational performance; (3) digital supply chain integration positively affects financial performance; (4) digital supply chain integration positively affects operational performance; and (5) sustainable supply chains, through the mediating role of digital supply chain integration, positively affect overall business performance.   <strong>Methodology</strong> This study is classified as applied research, as it aims to develop practical knowledge to address real-world organizational challenges. In terms of methodology, it adopts a descriptive–survey design, given its reliance on questionnaire-based data collection to examine the relationships among the research variables. The primary data collection instrument was a structured questionnaire adapted from Fu et al. (2022) and Li (2021). The questionnaire based on Fu et al. (2022) measures business performance, including operational performance (5 items) and financial performance (7 items). The instrument adapted from Li (2021) assesses sustainable supply chain management across environmental (5 items) and social (5 items) dimensions, as well as digital supply chain integration (5 items). The statistical population consists of employees of Hezardastan Holding, which employs approximately 1,200 staff members. With its three major data centers in Iran and an extensive geographical and network presence across Europe, North America, and East Asia, Hezardastan Holding leverages advanced global technologies to deliver infrastructure solutions previously provided to major Iranian companies such as Bazaar, Divar, and Balad (Hezardastan, 2024).   <strong>Findings</strong> The results indicate that all study variables have mean values between 3 and 4 and variances below 1, suggesting relatively low dispersion around the mean. These mean values imply that sustainable supply chain practices, business performance, and digital supply chain integration at Hezardastan Holding are above average. In addition, skewness and kurtosis values for all variables fall between −1 and 1, indicating approximate normality of the data distribution. Accordingly, AMOS software was employed for inferential statistical analysis. Among the dimensions of sustainable supply chain management, the environmental dimension exhibited a higher mean than the social dimension. Similarly, within business performance, financial performance showed a higher mean than operational performance. All factor loadings exceeded 0.30, and the estimated regression coefficients between variables were statistically significant. These results support and confirm all proposed hypotheses.   <strong>Discussion and Conclusion</strong> The findings of the study conducted at Hezardastan Holding demonstrate that sustainable supply chain management has a positive and significant effect on financial performance, thereby supporting the first hypothesis. Likewise, its impact on operational performance is positive and significant, confirming the second hypothesis. Effective management of inventory, information, and capital flows, combined with inter-organizational collaboration aimed at sustainability, contributes to the achievement of supply chain partners’ objectives by integrating economic, environmental, and social considerations into business processes. Furthermore, digital supply chain integration was found to have a positive and significant impact on both financial and operational performance, leading to the acceptance of the third and fourth hypotheses. Digital integration enables the coordination of product and information flows across geographically dispersed supply chain partners, thereby reducing inefficiencies and mitigating challenges associated with distance. Finally, the results confirm that sustainable supply chain management exerts a positive and significant effect on overall business performance through the mediating role of digital supply chain integration, supporting the fifth hypothesis. The impact of sustainable supply chains on business performance is therefore twofold: directly, through improvements in financial and operational performance, and indirectly, by enhancing digital supply chain integration, which further strengthens organizational performance. در سال‌های اخیر، نگرانی‌های ناشی از اثرات منفی کارکردها و استفاده نادرست از فناوری‌های نوظهور روی محیط‌زیست افزایش یافته است. در واکنش به تشدید قوانین زیست‌محیطی، افزایش آگاهی مشتریان و افزایش تقاضا برای محصولات پایدار، هدف اصلی مطالعه حاضر بررسی اثر مدیریت زنجیره تأمین پایدار با نقش میانجی یکپارچه‌سازی زنجیره تأمین دیجیتال بر عملکرد کسب و کار مربوط می‌باشد. به همین دلیل، مطالعه حاضر با استفاده از ابزار پرسشنامه پیش رفته و جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل کارکنان شرکت هلدینگ هزاردستان می‌باشد که از کسب و کارهای پیشرو در تبیین کارکردهای دیجیتال در مدیریت زنجیره تأمین است. تعداد نمونه انتخاب شده برابر با 351 نفر می‌باشد که با توجه به تعداد کلی کارکنان که 1200 می‌باشد و با استفاده از فرمول کوکران انتخاب شدند. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از آزمون معادلات ساختاری و نرم‌افزار SPSS 24 و 20 AMOS صورت گرفت. آماره‌های آزمون همگی بیشتر از 8/3 می‌باشد. نتایج حاکی از آن است که زنجیره تأمین پایدار و یکپارچگی دیجیتال بر عملکرد عملیاتی و عملکرد مالی و مولفه‌های مرتبط با آن مانند ساده‌سازی و شفافیت فعالیت‌های مالی از طریق یکپارچه‌سازی استراتژی زنجیره تأمین در کسب و کارهایی مانند هلدینگ هزاردستان اثر مثبت دارند. به این ترتیب، به تصمیم‌گیرندگان توصیه می‌شود با تنظیم شاخص‌های مرتبط برای سنجش سطح پایداری زنجیره تأمین و تدوین نقشه راه، کارآمدی راهبردها را افزایش داده و به این ترتیب، عملکرد کسب و کار را بهبود بخشند. https://gmd.birjand.ac.ir/article_3768_1ec44a0fcd15723e0610b9fb9e305148.pdf